Wellness Influencers Are Pushing ‘Natural’ and Unproven Alternatives to Adderall

In May 2025, Health and Human Services secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s “Make America Healthy Again” Commission released a report that sought to identify key drivers of childhood chronic disease. The last was by far the most controversial: “The Overmedicalization of Our Kids.”

Beyond his anti-vaccine position, Kennedy has a history of inflammatory opinions on common prescription drugs. He has sought to blame the national epidemic of mass shootings on antidepressants, for example, and claims that people have been “poisoned” by psychiatric drugs, including stimulants used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, such as Adderall and Vyvanse.

It so happens that as the HHS moves to further restrict access to these stimulants, a host of alternative medicine brands are flooding social media with advertisements that cast them in a negative light—and suggest they can be replaced with, or at least aided by, supplements that promise mental clarity, calmness, and emotional balance. The companies include Graymatter Labs, Stasis, Magic Mind, Thesis, and Nello, and they tout the supposed cognitive benefits of nootropic pills and drinks containing the amino acid L-theanine, the herb ashwagandha, turmeric, B vitamins, and much more.

Across Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube, influencers hype the biohacking treatments in paid partnership videos, often comparing them favorably to stimulants, which they characterize as having disruptive negative side effects. The gray-market dietary supplements they offer as alternatives, unlike psychiatric medications, don’t have to be evaluated and approved by the Food and Drug Administration before they’re marketed.

“I was on Adderall from college to my late twenties,” says a content creator named Katie Silbar in a March video endorsing Thesis, which sells pills with varied formulas like “Motivation” and “Neuroprotection” for $59 a jar. “And somewhere in there, I decided I didn’t want to be on a stimulant anymore.” Silbar goes on to say that she has been on Thesis for several weeks and feels “way less jittery” and “focused” in a way that “isn’t forced.” She adds that while the price for Thesis supplements may be steep, she’d gladly pay double for the results she has seen.

Magic Mind, which counts comedian Pete Holmes and Los Angeles Rams quarterback Matthew Stafford as spokesmen, shares video clips in which Adderall is described as addictive. (Stimulants can be misused, which is why Adderall and Vyvanse are federally classified Schedule II controlled substances, but medical experts emphasize that they are safe and effective if taken as directed under medical supervision.) On Graymatter Labs’ socials, you can hear from a father who says that its Bright Mind drink mix (containing 27 plant-based nootropics and adaptogens) helped him overcome mood swings caused by Adderall and made him more patient with his young son.

None of the companies mentioned in this article returned a request for comment on their scientific claims or the risk of potentially steering people away from ADHD medications. Meta declined to comment on the record, as did TikTok, though a US spokesperson said that several of the brand accounts were taken down in accordance with their guidelines against health-related misinformation. YouTube spokesperson Boot Bullwinkle said in a statement that the same brand accounts on that platform were not in violation of guidelines.

A spokesperson from Takeda Pharmaceuticals, which manufactures Vyvanse and extended-release Adderall, told WIRED in a statement: “As with any medication, decisions regarding the management of individual patients and their treatment must be made by the treating health care provider.”

Many online testimonials mention an “afternoon crash” from stimulants that leads to irritability and brain fog. “Gentle reminder that if Adderall has you crashing at 3:47 pm, snapping at your kids, and feeling guilty and ashamed for it, scientists at Yale created Stasis,” reads an Instagram post from that company, which offers pill subscription bundles for as much as $79 per month. Stasis markets its supplements as a helpful complement to stimulants prescribed for ADHD rather than a replacement, but it consistently portrays those drugs as insufficient.

This messaging is cause for concern, according to ADHD specialists who spoke with WIRED.

“Stimulant medications have been in existence for nearly 100 years, and approved for use in children since the 1960s,” says Kristen Leinung, a mental health nurse practitioner and director of psychiatric services at the Northwest ADHD Treatment Center in Portland, Oregon. The drugs are well-studied for efficacy and have predictable side effects, she adds, but because they can be misused, they’re often stigmatized online. “This style of advertising does further that stigma.”

Leinung believes that with their pessimistic framing of Adderall and similar pharmaceuticals, these supplement ads could lead people to go off their medication, which can be dangerous. “We know untreated or under-treated ADHD carries a high mortality and morbidity risk,” Leinung says, decreasing life expectancy and doubling the risk of premature death; it’s associated with factors that range from less exercise and worse sleep to riskier driving and a higher likelihood of smoking.

US pharmacies have seen shortages of the stimulants Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin, and Concerta since 2022. Though the Drug Enforcement Administration increased production quotas last fall, various production bottlenecks have continued to create supply problems, according to the nonprofit Understood, which supports Americans with learning and thinking differences including dyslexia and ADHD.

The difficulty of accessing these medications may factor into someone’s decision to try unproven alternative treatments instead, says Cindy Goldrich, a mental health counselor, educator, and ADHD coach in Boulder, Colorado. That’s what makes the supplement ads feel “exploitative” to her.

“When someone can't get their prescription filled and doesn't know when they will, a product promising to fill that gap—or claiming you didn't need the ‘harsh’ medication anyway—becomes very appealing, very fast,” she says. “It's not just selling to people who are curious about alternatives. It's selling to people in crisis, who are scared and out of options through a system failure that has nothing to do with whether their medication works.”

Andrew Kahn, a psychologist and associate director of expertise and behavioral health at Understood, says these supplements also lack robust regulation while suggesting, without evidence, “benefits equal to or similar to medication.” But unlike prescription and over-the-counter drugs, he explains, “supplements don't have to prove they're safe or effective to the FDA before they're sold.”

That very fact can become a selling point. “People are wary of big pharma, wary of side effects, and a ‘natural’ option feels safer even when it isn't better tested,” Goldrich says. Some of the more common ingredients in the supplements, like omega-3s, L-theanine with caffeine, and certain adaptogens “have modest supporting research as general cognitive or mood support, and there's nothing wrong with someone using them alongside medication if their doctor is aware." But an underlying problem, she adds, is that whether a person takes medication or supplements or both, they still need to learn skills like planning and emotional regulation.

In the MAHA era, of course, medically suspect claims often circulate unchallenged. Kennedy, who swears by dubious supplements like the synthetic dye methylene blue, has in many ways normalized these fringe products as the top authority of the vast US health care apparatus. In a statement to WIRED, HHS press secretary Emily G. Hilliard reiterated the department’s position that the nation is facing a challenge of “overmedicalization in behavioral health care,” with patients and parents not always inf